Babel Text Interlinear Translation in Sayboh
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Parts of Speech Legend
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N
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Noun
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V
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Verb
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ADJ
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Adjective
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CONJ
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Conjunction
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TNS
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Tense
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PL
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Plural
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( or )
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Parenthesis for grouping subtrees.
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#
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Number (Noun)
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Connectors
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C-
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Connect subject to verb or conjunction.
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C=
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Connect object to verb or conjunction.
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PREP
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Preposition connector: Connects the following word or subtree
to the Verb or Conjunction in the current subtree. Used for TO,
FROM, TOWARD and AWAY.
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CM
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Connection modifier: Modifies or clarifies the role of the
connection in this word.
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A slash indicates two parts at once. For example PL/C- makes the
subject plural AND connects the subject to a verb.
Note: closing parenthesis that occur during a word, do not take
effect until the end of that word. “N ) PL” is a plural noun
followed by a parenthesis, but the parenthesis is pronounced before
the plural morpheme.
When broken up by morpheme, the main word stem is in bold.
The remainder are prefixes or postfixes.
Note, that due to the difficulties/impossibilities of aligning
images with text in a web document in a way that works on all
browsers, no attempt has been made to align linearized Sayboh
characters with the interlinear translation below them. Sorry.
However, the interlinear translations themselves are done in a
fixed-width font that should remain aligned, assuming your browser
window is of sufficient width.
1A.
Click For Tree Form
bripepit des betSoit pregos britit setes seboi.
Breepaypeet days baychoheet praygohs breeteet saytays saybohee.
Bree-paypee-t day-s baychoh-ee-t pray-goh-s bree-tee-t saytay-s sayboh-ee.
( ADJ C- V C= N ) C- TNS V C= ( # C- V C= N )
( whole- modify= world ) - past possess = ( one - count = language)
The whole world possessed one language.
2A.
Click For Tree Form
brisAD prepefo flA levodoit fAs brigiD prepuhojes
Breesahth praypayfoh flah layvohdoheet fahs breegeeth praypoohohyays
Bree-sah-th pray-payfoh flah layvohdoh-ee-t fah-s bree-gee-th pray-poohoh-yay-s
( N PL/C- TNS V PREP N ) C- V C= ( N PL TNS V CM C=
( person pl. - past move toward east ) - then = ( they found L=**
People moved east and they found
**: “L=” is the same as a regular “=” connector, except that the left (subject) side of the subtree is emphasized.
In this case, the connection to the subtree “(plain-location=Shinar)” emphasizes the plain over the name: “They found
a plain located in Shinar.” If a “R=” connector was used, it would have meant “They found out the plain’s location
was in Shinar.”
britSAperobit segAs SinAu.
breechahpayrohbeet saygahs sheenahoo.
bree-chahpayrohbee-t saygah-s sheenah-oo.
( N C- V C= N ))
( plain - location = Shinar))
a plain in Shinar.
2B.
Click For Tree Form
giD prefos pegA.
Geeth prayfohs paygah.
Gee-th pray-foh-s paygah.
N PL/C- TNS V C= N
They- rested = there.
They rested there.
3A.
Click For Tree Form
giD predi fle pepugiS brineD freSAbuhos rAbiroin
Geeth praydee flay paypoogeesh breenayth frayshahboohohs rahbeeroheen
Gee-th pray-dee flay paypoogee-sh bree-nay-th fray-shahboohoh-s rahbeeroh-ee-n
N PL/C- TNS V PREP N PL/C= ( N PL/C- TNS V C= N ) PL
They- said to other 3rdpl. = ( we- will bake = bricks )
They said to each other, we will bake bricks.
3B.
brigiD prepudujus brirAbirot dudZidZAs tSubiut kus
Breegeeth praypoodooyoos breerahbeeroht doojeejahs choobeeoot koos
Bree-gee-th pray-poodoo-yoo-s bree-rahbeeroh-t doojeejah-s choobee-oo-t koo-s
( N PL/C- TNS V CM C= ( N C- V C= N )) C- CONJ C=
(They- faciliated =V** (brick- substitute= stone))- and =
They substituted bricks for stone, and
brugiD prepedos peribijuit kjjus brirAbirot puku-s
broogeeth praypaydohs payreebeeyooeet keyyoos breerahbeeroht pookoo-s
broo-gee-th pray-paydoh-s payreebee-yoo-ee-t key-yoo-s bree-rahbeeroh-t pookoo-s
(( N PL TNS V C= N CM ) C- V CM C= ( N C- V C=
((they- used= tar) -V** reason =V** (brick combine
they used tar to combine bricks with
rAbirou.
rahbeerohoo.
rahbeeroh-oo.
N ))
brick))
bricks.
** -V and =V indicate that the connected subtree is meant as a verb. Here are a few examples of the L, R and V connection modifier:
X-think=(A-possess=B) is a bit ambiguous.
X-think=V (A-possess=B) means “X thinks that A possesses B.”
X-think=L (A-possess=B) means “X thinks of A, which possesses B.”
X-think=R (A-possess=B) means “X thinks of B, which is possessed by A.”
Also, there are many times when the V connection modifier is left off even when the connected subtree is to be taken as the verb meaning,
if that subtree cannot be interpreted as a noun, or if no other meaning makes sense.
4A.
giD predis bruneD frepehojes brisAsegAt gojes bripAkwot
Geeth praydees broonayth fraypayhohyays breesahsaygaht gohyays breepahqoht
Gee-th pray-dee-s broo-nay-th fray-payhoh-yay-s bree-sahsaygah-t goh-yee-s bree-pahqoh-t
N PL/C- TNS V C= (( N PL/C- TNS V CM C= ( N C- V CM C= ( N C-
They- said= (( we- will create =L ( city- possess =R** ( tower -
They said, we will create a city with a sky
pudAs loAt ki-s bripepusAD fresenis nein.
poodahs lohaht kee-s breepaypoosahth fraysaynees nayeen.
poodah-s loh-ah-t kee-s bree-paypoosah-th fray-saynee-s nay-ee-n.
V C= V ))) C- V C= ( N PL/C- TNS V C= N ) PL
touch= sky))) - reason= (others- will know= we )
touched by a tower, so that others will know us.
4B.
neD no fre sepi.
Nayth noh fray saypee.
Nay-th noh-fray-saypee.
N PL/C- TNS MOD V
We - not will scatter.
We will not scatter.
** The syllable “noh” can directly precede any verb, to negate
the meaning. However, it is more like the ‘not’ in the English
language, and does not exactly oppose the meaning: The sentence “I
do not love you” does not necessarily mean “I hate you.” Also,
“noh” can be placed either before or after the tense morpheme;
both nohfraysaypee and fraynohsaypee are acceptable.
5A.
dZAhovAt presebAjis brigiD krehos bripAkwot kus sAsegAu
Jahhohvaht praysaybahyees breegeeth crayhohs breepahqoht koos sahsaygah-oo.
Jahhohvah-t pray-saybah-yee-s bree-gee-th cray-hoh-s bree-pahqoh-t koo-s sahsaygah-oo.
N C- TNS V CM C= ( N PL/C- TNS V C= ( N C- CONJ C= N )).
God- saw =R (they building ( tower and city ))
God saw the tower and city they were building.
6A.
dZAhovAt predis brAgiD dujis brigiD Dus puhout
Jahhohvaht praydees brahgeeth dooyees breegeeth thoos poohohoot
Jahhohvah-t pray-dee-s brah-gee-th doo-yee-s bree-gee-th thoo-s poohoh-oo-t
N C- TNS V C= ((( N PL/C- V CM C= ( N PL/C- V C= N )) C=
(God- said= ((( they- do =R (they want anything))=
God said, anything they want to do
fredZis keduit kAjus brisAD gos britit setes
frayjees kaydooeet kahyoos breesahth gohs breeteet saytays
fray-jee-s kaydoo-ee-t kah-yoo-s bree-sah-th goh-s bree-tee-t saytay-s
TNS V C= N ) C- V CM C= ( N C- V C= ( # C- V C=
will in-set= possible ) - if V= ( people- possess= ( 1 - count =
will be possible if these people have one
seboA.
saybohah.
sayboh-ah.
N )
language)
language.
7A.
dZAhovAt predis brineD frepesejis brigiD gos sebou.
Jahhohvaht praydees breenayth fraypaysayyees breegeeth gohs saybohoo.
Jahhohvah-t pray-dee-s bree-nay-th fray-paysay-yee-s bree-gee-th goh-s sayboh-oo.
N C- TNS V C= ( N PL/C- TNS V CM C= ( V PL/C- V C= N ))
God- said= (We- will confuse R= (they- possess=language)
God said we will confuse their language.
8A.
dZAhovAt presepijes brigiD penAjus brigiD krehos
Jahhohvaht praysaypeeyays breegeeth paynahyoos breegeeth crayhohs
Jahhohvah-t pray-saypee-yay-s bree-gee-th paynah-yoo-s bree-gee-th cray-hoh-s
N C- TNS V CM C= ( N PL/C- V CM C= ( N PL/C- TNS V C=
(God- scattered =L (they- stopped=V (they- creating=
God scattered them; they stopped building
sAsegAu.
sahsaygahoo.
sahsaygah-oo.
N )).
city ))
the city.
9A.
brigit predZebos bebAit kijs bridZAhovAt prepesejis
Breegeet prayjaybohs baybaheet kees breejahhohvaht praypaysayyees
Bree-gee-t pray-jayboh-s baybah-ee-t kee-s bree-jahhohvah-t pray-paysay-yee-s
( N C- TNS V C= N ) C- V C= ( N C- TNS V CM C=
(It- past name= Babel ) - reason= ( God - confused =R
It was named Babel because God confused
brupepit des bAtSoit pregos sAbou.
broopaypeet days bahchoheet praygohs sahbohoo.
broo-paypee-t day-s bahchoh-ee-t pray-goh-s sahboh-oo.
(( ADJ C- V C= N ) C- V C= N )).
(( whole- modify= world ) - possessed= language)).
the whole world’s language.
9B
dZAhovAt presepis gin.
Jahhohvaht praysaypees geen.
Jahhohvah-t pray-saypee-s gee-n.
N C- TNS V C= N PL.
God -scattered= they.
God scattered them.